This study delves into investigating and identifying the categories of culture references (CRs) and the related dubbing and subtitling strategies in the Harry Potter series. It was an attempt to discern the differences in the strategies employed by two different dubbing and subtitling studios, namely Glory Entertainment and Iran Film, with in the Iranian context. To do so, a qualitative-comparative method was adopted. Instances of CRs were drawn from the eight series of Harry Potter as the main corpora of this study. The classification of CRs aligns with Kingerberg\'s (1986) proposed framework, while translation strategies for culture references (CRs) as outlined by Diaz Cintas and Remael (2007) are utilized. The analysis of the data suggested that a total of 353 CRs within the selected series of Harry Potter. Notably, the Name category, with a frequency of 257 instances, constitutes 72.8% of all identified CRs, emerging as the most prevalent category in the corpus. The findings highlight the differential use of the Omission strategy by dubbers, in contrast to subtitlers, indicating a more condensed approach to the dubbing process. However, both subtitling and dubbing studios predominantly employ the Loan strategy as the primary translation strategy for CRs categories. Despite the prevalence of the Loan strategy, its drawbacks are evident, particularly in the challenging pronunciation of transcribed references in Persian, posing difficulties for younger and less educated viewers. These insights shed light on the intricate interplay between translation, culture, and audience reception, enriching our comprehension of the translation dynamics surrounding cultural.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether frontal sinusitis is associated with\nbone wax use after transfrontal craniotomy.\nMETHODS: A retrospective review was performed on patients with frontal sinusitis\nafter transfrontal craniotomy between March 2011 and February 2017.\nRESULTS: The cases of three patients who presented with gradual frontal sinusitis due\nto bone wax use after transfrontal craniotomy were evaluated. In all three cases,\ncomputed tomography(CT) examination showed the presence of bone wax within the\nfrontal sinus; this frontal sinus wax was removed endoscopically and with frontal crypt\ndrainage. The patients were followed up for more than 6 months.\nCONCLUSIONS: Frontal sinusitis following transfrontal craniotomy can occur due to\nbone wax use. This can be treated by cleaning out the bone wax and inflammatory granulation tissue\nand by expanding the frontal recess.\nSIGNIFICANCE: Otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons should consider the use and\nremoval of bone wax after transfrontal craniotomy to prevent frontal sinusitis.
Background: Numerous studies have described the correlation of pet ownership with cardiovascular diseases, with dog and cat ownership emerging as the predominant forms of pet companionship. Nevertheless, the studies that have examined how pet ownership affects cardiovascular diseases are lacking. Consequently, this systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to investigate associations between owning a dog or cat and all-cause mortality and the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality.\nMethods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched for identifying observational publications before August 14, 2023, that investigated the potential relationship between ownership of dogs or cats and cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease, encompassing myocardial infarction and stroke. The outcomes were explored with unadjusted, accessible relative risk values and adjusted hazard ratio values. Additionally, this work employed the random-effects model for analysis. Meanwhile, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed to assess study quality.\nResults: We included 11 articles, comprising 3,940,200 subjects with an average 9.82-year follow-up. In unadjusted models, dog ownership decreased all-cause mortality by 30 percent (relative risk (RR) 0.70; 95%CI,0.60-0.82) and cardiovascular mortality by 24 percent (RR,0.76; 95%CI,0.69-0.84) in the general population compared with not owning a dog. Moreover, the correlation with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 0.98; 95%CI, 0.86-1.12) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.78-1.07) was non-significant after adjusting for confounding factors. Nonetheless, dog ownership was slightly related to cardiovascular disease risk (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99). Cat ownership was not significantly correlated with all-cause mortality (RR, 0.95; 95%CI, 0.85-1.05; hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.98-1.12), cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66-1.01; hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.69-1.11), and cardiovascular disease risk (HZ, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.57-1.22) among the general population. However, when considering only articles with over 10-year follow-up, cat ownership was associated with cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60-0.88; HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63-0.99). Additionally, owning cats and dogs led to reduced cardiovascular mortality in cardiovascular disease patients (HR, 0.81; 95%CI, 0.78-0.83).\nConclusion: In the general population, dog ownership is weakly related to decreased cardiovascular disease risk, but not markedly related to all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, whereas cat ownership is not associated with all-cause mortality and the risk of cardiovascular diseases but is related to the reduced cardiovascular mortality risk. Long-term pet ownership appears to reduce mortality in people with established cardiovascular diseases, yet further studies are warranted for validation.
This work presents the 70V/18V non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter for maintaining uninterruptable power flow in solar PV applications. The open loop simulation analysis of the converter with step up and step down mode is presented using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Finally, the prototype model of the converter is developed and tested in the laboratory. This converter has the advantages of high voltage gain, high step up/step down voltage conversion ratio, maximum conversion efficiency, having less number of switches and Low voltage stress across switches.
Introdução: A presença de morcegos nas áreas urbanas é cada vez mais comum, gerando reclamações aos órgãos de controle de zoonoses. Método: foi efetuado levantamento das reclamações ao Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Niterói, RJ, no período 2014-2015. Avaliou-se o tempo para a primeira tentativa de visita, o tempo efetivo para a realização da primeira visita, a distribuição espaço-temporal das reclamações, ocorrência de espoliação, tipo de abrigo utilizado e a presença de morcego, vivo ou morto. Resultados: houve aumento na quantidade de reclamações entre 2014 e 2015. A região Praias da Baía teve o maior número de reclamações. Houve melhora no prazo entre a reclamação e a primeira tentativa de visita zoossanitária e entre a reclamação e a efetivação da primeira visita, mas esses ainda são excessivamente longos. Nas regiões mais próximas a visita zoossanitária foi mais rápida e na região mais distante, mais demorada. Apesar do relato de um caso em humano, a espoliação predominou nos demais animais. O principal motivo para reclamação foi a utilização do forro dos telhados como abrigo. Conclusão: A situação encontrada é preocupante quando se considera que acidentes envolvendo morcegos são sempre graves e pela circulação do vírus da raiva no município.
Abstract – Nowadays, the rates of online networking action have reached tremendous heights. Due to the increased volume of online users and their usage has proceeded to the rapid development of electronic data. So it is difficult to recognize the demanding information from vast text of information. The growing complication of electronic information has forced to present optimization technique. Attracted by the behavior, communication, movements and hunting nature of spider, we initiate a spider hunting technique to find Topic and Sub-Topic of a corpus. The suggested technique could effectively recognize the desired corpus from text data. The Enhanced Spider Hunting technique is evaluated against broadly utilized standard algorithm and the recommended technique has predominant execution compared to other Meta heuristics.
Abstract: Wireless nodes are time varying behavior in its nature, because energy usage of each node is not being constant. Packet transmission among cluster nodes get overloaded, when multi input and multi output is made; multi task is performed cause more energy usage, also selfish node could not transfer the data packet to target node. Selfish node need to hide some important data, and then only transmit normal data’s that tries to misuse those data, so packet delivery rate is reduced. This normal method not identifies selfish nodes in routing path. Proposed Incentive Sorted Path selection Scheme (ISPSS) obtains traffic free packet transmission among wireless sensor nodes, since routing paths are sorted based on distance and energy usage, which path use minimum energy and also minimum distance, that are considered as effective path from sender node to sink node. Selfish node available in cluster they are identified by using progressive stable algorithm. It improves the packet delivery rate, network lifetime, and reduces energy usage and end to end delay
This paper presents a method to analyze the traffic flow pattern in Velachery Vijaya Nagar, Chennai using waiting time in the signal in different time intervals with the help of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps(FCM) and Induced Fuzzy Cognitive Map(IFCM). FCMs and IFCMs are fuzzy-graph modelling approaches based on expert’s opinion. This is the non-statistical approach to study the problem with imprecise information. FCMs and IFCMs are the best suited tool when the data is an unsupervised one.
A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of clay minerals, compost and the interaction between them (Zeolite = Z, Bentonite = B, compost = C, zeolite + bentonite = ZB, zeolite + compost = ZC and bentonite + compost = BC) as soil amendments and their effect on reducing heavy metals (HMs = Cd, Ni and Pb) accumulation in barley plant (Hordeum vulgare L. Var. Giza 132) and their mobility in two contaminated soils (Abou-Rawash, Giza Governorate and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate). The previous soil amendments were add by three rates (0, 1and 2%). Barley plants were harvested at 90 day. All treatments led to increasing fresh and dry weight of barley plants as well as decrease its concentration and content of HMs compared with control. Zeolite produced the highest growth while the lowest accumulation of HMs was resulted by bentonite addition. Generally, clay minerals are able to improving growth of plants in polluted areas in addition to decreasing HMs uptake by plants in absence or presence of compost.
It has been proven that due to generation and recombination of charge carriers at the presence of an external constant electric field concentration fluctuations of charge carriers and electric field occur in semiconductors with deep traps. For the first time a Van der Pol type equation was obtained for these semiconductors for the alternating electric field. From the solution of the obtained equation both the amplitude and oscillation frequency were determined in the first approximation by the method of N.N. Bogoliubov and Y.A. Mitropolsky. It was shown that the frequency of oscillations in the first approxi-mation is more important than in the zero approximation. The amplitude of oscillations tends to a finite value at very high time value . This proves that there is a steady dynamic mode. A graph indicating the dependence of amplitude on time was developed. The values of the electric field and the constants of generation and recombination of charge carriers were determined.