2061 species of higher spore, gymnospermaceous and flowering plants belonging to 144 families and 764 genera have been established in the flora of the region. Herbariums based on a large number of collected plants were prepared and handed over to the Herbarium Found of the Institute of Botany of ANAS. 39 rare, endangered and 17 endemic plant species were identified. The stock of 40 species has decreased noticeably, 16 species are on the verge of extinction there, 5 species are under the threat of complete destruction and 17 species reduce their range in recent years. The composition and structure of the vegetation cover of the region under the influence of a complex of ecological, technogene, zoogenic and anthropogenic factors has changed greatly, where urgent measures for their improvement and protection are required for further use.
This research aims to analyze the effects of profit-sharing financing, trade financing, and lease financing on the profit of sharia banks in Indonesia from 2010-2016. This research utilized Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach to analyze the data. The research findings present positive effects of profit-sharing financing and lease financing on the profits of sharia banks in Indonesia in the short term. On the other hand, trade financing has negative impacts on the profitability of sharia banks in Indonesia in the short term. For a long-term, there is a long-term relationship among the profit-sharing financing, trade financing, lease financing, and the profitability of sharia banks in Indonesia. In the eighth month, the variable of profit-sharing financing became a variable with the most significant contribution to the profitability of sharia banks in Indonesia among other variables. The research findings recommend sharia banks to manage their financing allocation by considering the economic development to improve socio-economic productivity in either a short term or long term.
The susceptibility of the third larval instar of the Oryctes agamemnon to infection and subsequent death by exposure to three native entomopathogenic fungi (NEPF); Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii was determined. Three concentrations of each NEPF isolate were used for dose-response mortality against the 3rd larval instar. Mortality rates of the larvae reached 34.2, 48.1 and 55.5% at the concentrations (104, 106 and 108 conidia/ml) of B. bassiana. M. anisopliae recorded mortalities reached 39.5, 57.4 and 60.8% to the target larvae. Similarly, the accumulated mortality of the 3rd instar larvae recorded 17.4, 26.4 and 29.2% for L. lecanii. The LT50 values of the 3rd instar of O. agamemnon larvae recorded 9.9 and 11.3 days for the two concentrations that achieved 50% mortality for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae respectively. M. anisopliae was the most efficient one, followed by B. bassiana and L. lecanii. The proteolytic activity of the three NEPF was investigated under different factors (incubation periods, temperature and pH). The results showed that the maximum activity of protease produced by B. bassiana, L. lecanii and M. anisopliae was recorded after 6 days of incubation with 28�C incubation temperature in the medium initially adjusted to pH 6.
Objective: Evaluation of tooth rehabilitation with chronic periradicular periodontitis, submitted to endodontic retreatment and filled with PBS� CIMMO cement as a single endodontic obturator element. As well as propose protocol change in endodontic obturation using biological cement without incorporation of gutta percha. Method: Case Report: patient had a 3.7 tooth with conventional endodontic treatment and chronic periradicular periodontitis. Clinical examination revealed fistula and mobility. Initial tomography examination (Cone Bean tomography) determined the presence of extensive periradicular lesion. After removal of the intra-radicular nucleus, mechanical disbilling and chemical preparation of the root canal with continuous ultrasonic irrigation protocol (CUI) was performed. 5.5 % sodium hypochlorite and ethylene diamino tetraacetic acid surfactant were used as the auxiliary chemical. All channel filling was performed with PBS� biological cement. After six months, a clinical examination was performed. Absence of fistula and mobility was observed. The tomographic examination of preservation determined a decrease in the periradicular lesion. Conclusion: The protocol advocated in this case report determined reibilation of the tooth 37 and proposes further studies to establish a new biological obturator treatment for teeth affected by chronic periradicular periodontitis.
Cloud Computing is an advanced technology for optimizing and innovating business models in organizations. It can be used for providing software and infrastructure services deployed in data centers. Encryption of data and information by data owners and uploading them to the cloud data center leads to different efficiency and secrecy problems. In cloud computing, a user who has authorized credentials should have the ability to access confidential data, such as data owners or cloud providers. In traditional methods of securing data, data are encrypted and stored in a trusted server and their access is controlled by an access control policy. If the cloud server is breached from unauthorized users, the confidentiality of sensitive data will be disclosed. This paper explores an enhanced cloud access control policies over encrypted data using XACML framework and proof of ownership (POW) methodologies. The proposed approach controls the access mechanism over encrypted data by generating a security token for sending responses and receiving user requests for decrypting data based on the previously stored attributes in the XACML policy. The security mechanism will be strengthened by deploying a fingerprint authentication parameter for ensuring confidentiality over untrusted user requests. By applying the cloud access control of XACML framework, the cloud services will perform its agreed functions with preventing data leakage, data loss, and abuse of cloud services.
The humans are gifted with capability to differentiate salient objects from the background, the ability of a machine to do so is an important ingredient in the field of Computer Vision. The researchers have not yet been able to propose a model that can match the performance of humans, while saliency in noisy environment can’t be\nseen in near future. In this work, the detection accuracy is maintained even in noisy environments where the features are highly compromised, without capitalizing much of\ncomputation time. The model utilizes the concept of deep learning in denoising the image followed by gathering the information prevailing at the edges and corners of the\nobject in the image. The denoising of an image is done using a convolutional neural network (CNN) consisting of\nCoordinate descent as regularizing function. Various key points are then extracted from the denoised image using three different filters namely multi-scale Gabor, multi-scale\nContrast and multi-scale Harris energy functions. These points are applied to the convolution kernal and loss is\ncalacuted, then backpropagation is applied to fix the network which generates the saliency map. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using precision, recall,\nF-measure, area under curve (AUC) and computation time using six publicly available image data sets. Experimental results from six different datasets proves that model is robust for any type of noise or mixture of noises.
This study aims to investigate the directors’ charateristics and its impact on firm’s productivity and firm performance. Directors’ characteristics contains of the level of education (high school, undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate), the type of education (business and non-business), the directors’ tenure. Firm’s productivity is measured using the ratio of sales and the number of employees. Firm performance is measured using the ratio of return on assets (ROA). The population is all listed-firms in the sector of trade and industry with a total of 112 firms and the sample size is 87 firms that is chosen proportionately from each sub-sectors. Due to the missing data and incomplete data, the final sample is 44 firms with a period of 2010 to 2016. A quarterly financial report is used and thus there is 28 financial reports (2010 to 2016), and the total observation is 1232. The ordinary least square (OLS) is used to analyse the data, and prior to analysis, a normality test of data is employed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The specification test such as normality test, autocorrelation test, multicolinearity test is performed. The result reveals that the directors’ charateristics has a significant effect on firm’s productivity and firm performance. This significant result is supported by the type of directors’ education that is more than 80% of directors have a master degree and a bachelor degree qualification and most of the directors have an education major in business. Moreover, most of the directors has more that five years of tenure, however, the term of office of the chief executive needs to be limited, because it will impact on saturation and innovativeness
In this study, single independence degree testing system is prepared to find control parameters used in balance control of rolling and pitching axis of drones capable of vertical takeoff and landing. In preparing the test mechanism, the mathematical models of pitching and rolling stability controls in similar literature studies are the same but the mathematical model of yawing stability control is different. Thus, because of the reason that the pitching and rolling stability control parameters are the same, the test mechanism is made as single freedom degree instead of dual freedom degree. In the controller design PID controller often used in the industry today is used and oscillation method found by Ziegler - Nichols was used in findings PID parameters.(Ziegler and Nichols, 1942) ATMEL based Arduino Mega 2560 controller, BNO055 absolute orientation sensor giving Euler angles directly and Brushless DC motor speed are used for control of drone. In this test system balance of rolling or pitching angles of the drone are broken with various angles and Kp, Ki and Kd parameters in control software are found with oscillation method to ensure balance of drone in the shortest possible time. Against these disruptive effects it was observed that system gave quick response for small angle values and exceeding was less and settlement time vas smaller while in bigger angle values system reacted with a little delay and exceeding increased and settlement time grew.
Las lipasas son enzimas capaces de catalizar reacciones de hidrólisis de triglicéridos; son usadas en numerosos procesos dentro de la industria alimenticia, energética, farmacéutica, etc. Ante la necesidad de cumplir con la demanda comercial e industrial actual de este tipo de enzimas en diversos procesos, se han desarrollado diferentes estrategias de estudio de las mismas y sus aplicaciones. Debido a que la mayoría de las especies bacterianas usadas para la producción de lipasas son patógenas, esfuerzos se han realizado en encontrar sistemas alternativos que sean seguros para los diversos procesos en los que se ven envueltas este tipo de enzimas. Así, las lipasas provenientes de hongos y levaduras han adquirido un alto foco de atención. En este trabajo se pretende mencionar las características generales y de producción de lipasas de diversos microorganismos fúngicos determinadas actualmente, a fin de determinar dichas alternativas para los procesos biotecnológicos industriales que demandan este tipo de enzimas
Allium white rot caused by the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium cepivorum is a devastating disease of garlic worldwide. In this study we develop and evaluate a molecular assay for the detection of S. cepivorum in mycelia and infected garlic gloves using a specific PCR primer set combined with a rapid boiling DNA extraction. The PCR products were amplified in all the samples infected with S. cepivorum, but not in other samples including phylogenetically closely related fungi. This methodology is inexpensive, fast, specific and has a shorter execution time compared to standard methods.
The relevance of the study is stipulated by the necessity to understand large scope of works in the field of residential environment design at the present stage. Since Russian design is characterized by a high degree of canonicity in comparison with that of Europe, by reliance on national traditions and the high level of reflectivity, the need appeared to reveal its national origins in the modern designer\'s practice. Design as a multi-cultural phenomenon is subject to changes in its semantic content, thus current tendencies in the residential interior associated with national traditions are analyzed in the article. Moreover, substantial bases for its development opportunities are revealed. Hence, this article is aimed at disclosing the complex process of how the spiritual values of the Russian nation serve as guidelines in the modern Russian design practice.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a static magnetic field (SMF) on proliferative activity and to determine the presence of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) in porcine stem cells that are derived from adipose tissue with respect to their safety in regenerative medicine. Porcine adipose-derived stem cells (pADSC) were subjected to the influence of SMF. Three chambers with SMF of different intensities (0.4, 0.55 and 0.7 T) were used in the study. CD73, CD90, CD105, PERV-A, PERV-B and PERV-C were quantified using the qRT-PCR technique. An assay of the effect of SMF with a 0.4 T, 0.55 T and 0.7 T flux density on the viability of pADSC showed no statistically significant differences compared to the controls, thus confirming that SMF do not affect the proliferative activity of pADSC in vitro. Significant reductions in PERV-B copies were observed following the exposure of cells to SMF with a magnetic induction of 0.7 T. Moreover, higher flux densities seem to abolish the magnetic field-overexpression of PERV-A in pADSC. The results of our research may contribute to the development of theoretical and practical foundations of new method for culturing mesenchymal stem cell in vitro based on the use of a static magnetic field that is generated by permanent magnets in regenerative medicine.
This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of Firm Size, Maturity, Financial Leverage on the Bond Rating as well as the impact on Yield to Maturity. Research data is annual data for three years observation period (2012-2014). This research is descriptive research and statistics. The population in this study are corporate bond that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. From 198 population of corporate bond, The sampling method used was purposive sampling, 58 samples of corporate bond has met the criteria to be the sample. The analytical method used in this research is data panel and measuring direct effect and indirect effect analysis. The results showed Firm Size and Financial Leverage has significant influence on the Bond Rating, however Maturity has negative influence but not significant. Firm Size and Maturity has negative significant ilnfulence on the YTM, however Leverage has a positive influence but not significant on the YTM. Firm Size, Maturity, and Leverage simultaneously are having significant influence on the Bond rating as well as YTM. The examination of indirect effect showed rating as variabel intervening could be considered to measure the influence of Firm Size to YTM
Background: Pediatric hypertension predisposes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adult life. Management guidelines of childhood hypertension were accessible for almost 40 years.US Preventive Services Task Force provided support for hypertension screening in childhood. To our knowledge, there isn\